Spital Clinic offers comprehensive care for women with PCOS, a common endocrine disorder affecting the ovaries and hormone levels.
The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and is based on NHS recommendations. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare provider for advice on medical conditions or treatments.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal disorder that affects up to 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. The condition is characterised by an imbalance of reproductive hormones, which can lead to the development of small, fluid-filled sacs (follicles) in the ovaries. These follicles may fail to regularly release eggs, resulting in irregular menstrual cycles and fertility issues.
Women with PCOS often have higher-than-normal levels of male hormones (androgens), which can cause a range of symptoms, including acne, excess facial and body hair growth (hirsutism), and weight gain. PCOS is also associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
Diagnosing PCOS typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies. The healthcare provider will ask about the patient's menstrual cycle, symptoms, and family history of PCOS or related conditions. A physical exam may be conducted to assess signs of androgen excess, such as acne, hirsutism, and male-pattern baldness.
Blood tests will be performed to measure levels of androgens, as well as other hormones, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and progesterone. These tests can help rule out other conditions that may mimic PCOS, such as thyroid disorders or hyperprolactinemia. An ultrasound of the ovaries may also be recommended to check for the presence of multiple small follicles, which is a hallmark feature of PCOS.
Treatment for PCOS focuses on managing symptoms, regulating menstrual cycles, and addressing any associated metabolic or fertility issues. The specific treatment plan will depend on the individual's goals, age, and overall health. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise, are often the first line of treatment for PCOS. Losing just 5-10% of body weight can help improve symptoms and regulate menstrual cycles.
Medications may also be prescribed to help manage specific symptoms. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) can help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and improve acne and hirsutism. Metformin, an insulin-sensitizing drug, may be recommended for women with PCOS who have insulin resistance or are at risk for type 2 diabetes. For women trying to conceive, fertility medications, such as clomiphene citrate or letrozole, may be used to stimulate ovulation. In some cases, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may be necessary.
The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but several factors may contribute to the development of the condition. These include a family history of PCOS, obesity, insulin resistance, and exposure to excess androgens in utero. Women with a family history of PCOS, type 2 diabetes, or metabolic syndrome may be at a higher risk of developing the condition. Additionally, certain ethnic groups, such as South Asian, Middle Eastern, and Aboriginal women, may have a higher prevalence of PCOS compared to other populations.
PCOS can have a significant impact on a woman's physical, emotional, and social well-being. The symptoms of PCOS, such as acne, hirsutism, and weight gain, can lead to body image issues, low self-esteem, and decreased quality of life. Irregular menstrual cycles and fertility challenges can cause emotional distress and strain on relationships. Women with PCOS may also face an increased risk of long-term health complications, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and endometrial cancer, which can require ongoing management and monitoring. However, with proper diagnosis, treatment, and support, many women with PCOS can effectively manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.
We provide a comprehensive range of services, from private GP consultations and specialised men's and women's health care to advanced ultrasound scans and proactive health screenings, all within a reassuring and state-of-the-art environment.
You have a question about PCOS? We have an answer.
While there is no cure for PCOS, the condition can be effectively managed through lifestyle changes, medications, and other treatments. The goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms, regulate menstrual cycles, and address any associated health risks, such as insulin resistance or infertility. With proper management, many women with PCOS can achieve their personal and reproductive goals and maintain good overall health.
Research suggests that there may be a genetic component to PCOS, as the condition tends to run in families. Women with a mother, sister, or aunt with PCOS may be at a higher risk of developing the condition themselves. However, the exact genes involved in PCOS have not been identified, and environmental and lifestyle factors also play a role in the development of the condition.
While PCOS is a common cause of infertility, many women with the condition can achieve pregnancy with the right treatment and support. The first step in improving fertility in women with PCOS is often lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in regular physical activity. Medications, such as clomiphene citrate or letrozole, can be used to stimulate ovulation and increase the chances of conception. In some cases, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may be recommended. It's essential for women with PCOS who are trying to conceive to work closely with a healthcare provider specialising in reproductive endocrinology to develop an individualised treatment plan.
The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the UK varies depending on the criteria used for diagnosis, but it is estimated to affect between 8% and 13% of women of reproductive age according to WHO. This range reflects differences in diagnostic criteria and population studies, highlighting the complexity of diagnosing and understanding PCOS.
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"Great experience. Frustratingly we had 3 NIPTs come back with no result so had to do 3 blood redraws but thanks to LPC’s persistence we finally got a result on the 4th draw. After the 3rd no result they also kindly offered us a free anomaly scan."
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Our medical centre is at 36 Spital Square, E1 6DY, City of London.
